...being screened. How companies hide beneficial owners. (Source: NRGI) → NRGI’s 2018 briefing on beneficial ownership screening provides practical details about reducing corruption risks relating to secret company ownership. This...

...distribution operations. If the government does not already own the land, it often tries to gain ownership through a process of expropriation, known in some countries as “eminent domain.” Expropriation...

...the ground and to market. In this situation, the government makes money either by retaining ownership of a portion of the resources the company has extracted, or by charging taxes...

...as profits decrease. Each option can be beneficial depending on the desired outcome. Progressive fiscal regimes encourage investment, while regressive fiscal regimes provide a more predictable stream of revenue to...

...information about any SOE, including the scale of government ownership in companies and the structure for revenue transfers between SOEs and other parts of government. Although EITI data is often...